Moore's Law describes what phenomenon?

• A. The number of transistors on a microchip doubles every two years.
• B. Clock speeds double every year.
• C. Memory capacity halves every two years.
• D. Power consumption remains constant.

Answer: (A)

Transistor density on chips grows exponentially, roughly doubling every two years. This pattern means chips get more capable not by simply running faster clocks, but by packing more transistors into the same silicon area, which enables more operations, more memory, and more features over time. That’s why this is the best description: it focuses on transistor count and density, the driver behind performance gains and new capabilities.

The other ideas miss the core point. Doubling clock speeds each year isn’t what Moore observed—the limits of power and heat have prevented clocks from continuing to scale at that rate. Memory capacity increasing or remaining the same isn’t what Moore’s Law describes, and power usage isn’t constant as transistors increase—overall power and heat typically rise unless efficiency improves.